Skrining Fitokimia Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dari Kota Langsa

Tanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman alami tumbuhan Indonesia. Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) tergolong tanaman dikotil dalam family Euporbeaceae dan genus Jatropha. Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) adalah tanaman perdu yang memiliki tinggi 1-7 m dengan cabang yang tidak teratur, batangnya berkayu dan apabila dipotong atau terluka akan mengeluarkan getah. Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) dapat digunakan untuk obat malaria dan pembeku atau penstabil darah,obat demam, penangan rematik, jaundice, penghilang rasa nyeri atau analgesik. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis senyawa-senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.). Metabolit sekunder meliputi uji alkaloid, uji steroid,uji terpenoid, uji saponin, uji fenol dan uji tanin.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian daun kering jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) positif (+) mengandung alkaloid dan steroid sedangkan daun segarnya positif (+) saponin dan steroid

Toxicite des extraits aqueux de azadirachta indica a. juss et de Jatropha curcas L. sur Plutella xylostella (L.) (lepidoptera : plutellidae) par contact

La teigne du chou Plutella xylostella (Linné) (Lepidoptera : Plutellidae) est le principal insecte nuisible des crucifères dans les régions  tropicales et subtropicales. Les larves de ce Lépidoptère sont défoliatrices et peuvent causer des pertes importantes de production malgré l’application des  pesticides. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’effet toxique par contact des extraits aqueux de neem (Azadirachta indica) et de Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) sur les larves de Plutella xylostella au stade L2 au laboratoire. Cette toxicité des extraits aqueux de poudres de grains de neem (41,5 g/L ; 25,9 g/L ; 10,3 g/L) et de jatropha (59,1 g/L ; 36,9 g/L ; 14,7 g/L) et de pâtes de feuilles neem et de jatropha à différents concentrations a été évaluée par la détermination des CL50 en 24 heures et par la toxicité de chaque traitement au bout de 72 heures. Les résultats ont montré que les extraits aqueux de poudres de grains, de Azadirachta indica 41,5 g/L et de Jatropha curcas 59,1 g/L ont été plus toxiques que les insecticides Décis et Cypercal. Par ailleurs, les extraits aqueux, de pâtes de feuilles de jatropha 67 g/L et de feuilles de Azadirachta indica 67 g/L ont une toxicité similaire au Décis et au Cypercal. Ces extraits aqueux de Azadirachta indica et de Jatropha curcas peuvent donc substituer les pesticides Décis et Cypercal dans la lutte contre Plutella xylostella. Mots clés : Azadirhacta indica, Jatropha curcas, extraits aqueux, Plutella xylostella, toxicité   English Title: Contact toxicity of aqueous extracts of Azadirachta Indica A. Juss and Jatropha Curcas L. on Plutella Xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Cabbage moth Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a major pest of crucifers in the tropics and subtropics. Their larvae feed on cabbage and reduced cabbage yield despite the application of pesticides. The objective of this study was to determine the contact toxicity effect of aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica and Jatropha curcas on the second instar larvae of P. xylostella. The toxicity of the various treatments of Azadirachta indica and Jatropha curcas seeds and leaves powders aqueous extracts were evaluated by determining the LC50 on 24 hours and by the toxicity effect of each treatment after 72 hours. The results showed that the seeds  powders aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica 41.5 g/L and of Jatropha curcas 59.1 g / L were more toxic than the pesticides Decis and Cypercal on Plutella xylostella. Moreover, Jatropha curcas and Azadirachta indica leaves aqueous extracts 67 g / L have similar toxicity with Decis and Cypercal. The aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica and Jatropha curcas can be used against Plutella xylostella. Keywords: Azadirhacta indica, Jatropha curcas, aqueous extracts, Plutella xylostella, toxicity

UJI DAYA HAMBAT GETAH JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Bacillus cereus

Bacillus cereus merupakan bakteri patogen yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya diare. Getah Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin dan tanin yang bersifat sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas daya hambat antibakteri getah Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)  konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100% dengan pelarut akuades steril  menggunakan metode difusi Kirby-Bauer/Paper disk. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa getah Jarak Pagar  (Jatropha curcas L.) memiliki daya hambat antibakteri terhadap bakteri Bacillus cereus ditandai dengan adanya zona bening yang terbentuk di sekitaran kertas cakram. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik one way ANAVA dapat dilihat bahwa nilai Ftabel ≤ Fhitung (4,25 ≤ 160,136) hal ini menyatakan adanya pengaruh antibakteri daya hambat getah Jatropha curcas L. terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Bacillus cereus. Hasil  uji Post Hoc Duncan menunjukkan konsentrasi dengan nilai rata rata tertinggi yaitu konsentrasi 100% (11,63 mm) kategori kuat, dilanjutkan dengan konsentraasi 75% (10,83% mm) kategori kuat, 50% (9,78% mm) kategori sedang, dan 25% (8,48% mm) kategori sedang. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa getah Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Bacillus cereus.Kata Kunci: Getah jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.), Bacillus cereus, antibakteri

IN VIVO TESTING OF ANTIPYRETIC LEAVES OF FENCE (JATROPHA CURCAS L) ORIGIN GORONTALO

Jatropha (Jatropha Curcas L) is a plant that has been used empirically as a fever reducer. Fever is one of the symptoms of the disease which is characterized by a significant increase in body temperature. The novelty of this study was due to the effectiveness of Jatropha Curca L. leaf extract as an antipyretic. The purpose of this study was to determine the dose of antipyretic effectiveness of Jatropha Curcas (Jatropha Curcas L) Leaf Extract in Male Mice (Mus Musculus). Extraction by maceration using 96% ethanol solvent. 15 male mice (Mus Musculus) were divided into 5 groups, namely negative control (Na-cmc 1%), positive control (Paracetamol), and the treatment group given Jatropha leaf extract with doses of 150, 200, 250 mg/kgBW. Peptone 10% 1 ml orally as a fever inducer. And observed at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after treatment. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANNOVA followed by the LSD test to determine differences between groups. The results showed that the leaf extract of Jatropha Curcas (Jatropha Curcas L) had an antipyretic effect where the most effective dose was at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW because it has a very stable temperature reducing power and effectiveness is comparable to Paracetamol. The conclusion of this study is that Jatropha Curcas L extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg can be used as an antipyretic

Standarisasi Parameter Spesifik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha Curcas L) sebagai Vasorelaxan

Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) is traditionally used as a medicinal plant and can be used scientifically to treat various diseases based on the scientific results of herbal medicine. This study aims to prove that the ethanol extract of Jarak pagar leaves (Jatropha curcas L.) meets the specific parameters for extract standardization. The ethanol extract of Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) leaves was obtained by maceration method, and then the extract was observed for specific parameters, which included an organoleptic test, identification of chemical content, determination of water-soluble juice content, and ethanol-soluble juice content, as well as other tests to see the activity of Jatropha curcas as a vasorelaxant using experimental methods. The results and data of specific parameter characteristics show that the extract made has met the requirements of Indonesian Medical Materials, which means that the ethanol extract of Jatropha curcas leaves made has met the standards, and based on activity testing, it is known that Jarak pagar leaves (Jatropha curcas L.) have the same activity as Vasorelaxan

Estadodel Arteen La Ciencia y Tecnología Para La Produccióny Procesamiento Dejatrophano Tóxica / State of Art on Science and Technology for Production and Processing of Non-Toxic Jatropha Compiladores

Ecología y etnobotánica de Jatropha curcas L. no tóxica Ecology and ethnobotany of non-toxic Jatropha curcas L. Odilón Manuel Sánchez-Sánchez, Ofelia Andrea Valdés-Rodríguez, Diana Estela Sánchez-Herrera 1 Buscando los orígenes de la Jatropha curcas L. no tóxica Searching for the oirigin or non-toxic Jatropha curcas L. Ofelia Andrea Valdés-Rodríguez, Odilón Sánchez-Sánchez, Modesto Castillo-Guerrero 12 Producción de semilla de Jatropha curcas L.: elementos clave Jatropha curcas sedd production: key elements Leobigildo Córdova-Téllez, José Trinidad Zavala-Hernández, Edgardo Bautista-Ramírez, Ma. del Rosario Martínez-Sánchez y Nancy Yazmín Hernández-Nicolás 19 Marcadores moleculares: herramienta para el mejoramiento genético de Jatropha curcas L. Molecular markers: a tool for the genetic improvement of Jatropha curcas L. Víctor Pecina Quintero, Jose Luis Anaya Lopez, Noé Montes García, Carlos Herrera Corredor 29 Comportamiento agronómico, energético y emisiones de gases de piñón mexicano (Jatropha curcas L.) Agonomic, energetic and gas emission behavior of mexican pine nut (Jatropha curcas L.) José Luis Solís Bonilla, Víctor Pecina Quintero, Ana Laura Reyes Reyes, Biaani Beeu Martínez Valencia, Alfredo Zamarripa Colmenero, Lexi Javivi López Ángel, Enrique Riegelhaupt, Guillermo López Guillen y Edwin Javier Barrios Gómez 39 Principales plagas y enfermedades del piñón (Jatropha curcas L.) Jatropha’s (Jatropha curcas L.) main pests and diseases Guillermo López-Guillén, Jaime Gómez-Ruiz, Juan Francisco Barrera Gaytán, Misael Martínez Bolaños, Elizabeth de los Ángeles Herrera Parra, Marianguadalupe Hernández Arenas, Ana Laura Reyes Reyes, José Luis Solís Bonill

Pengaruh invigorasi menggunakan Polietilena glikol (PEG) 6000 terhadap viabilitas benih jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)

INDONESIA: Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) merupakan tanaman yang digunakan untuk sumber bahan bakar alternatif. Tanaman jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) termasuk dalam famili Euphorbiaceae yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Perbanyakan tanaman jarak pagar yang dilakukan masyarakat dengan menggunakan cara generatif (benih). Permasalahan yang dihadapi terkait penggunaan benih adalah penurunan viabilitas benih selama dan setelah penyimpanan. Viabilitas benih yang mengalami penurunan perlu ditingkatkan dengan teknik invigorasi menggunakan Polietilena Glikol (PEG) 6000. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh invigorasi menggunakan Polietilena Glikol (PEG) 6000 terhadap viabilitas benih Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ekologi Jurusan Biologi UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang pada bulan Januari-Juni 2013. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 (dua) faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi PEG 6000 0%, 2.5%, 5%, dan 7.5%. Faktor kedua adalah perlakuan lama perendaman, meliputi 3 jam, 6 jam, 9 jam. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini dianalisis dengan analisis variansi (anava) dan untuk mengetahui perlakuan terbaik dilakukan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh invigorasi menggunakan PEG 6000 terhadap viabilitas benih Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.). Perlakuan konsentrasi PEG 6000 terhadap viabilitas benih Jarak pagar (Jatropah curcas L.) dapat meningkatkan persentase daya berkecambah dan berat kering kecambah. Konsentrasi PEG 6000 yang efektif yaitu 5% menghasilkan daya berkecambah sebesar 75,78%, keserempakan tumbuh 54,44% dan berat kering 8,27 gram. Perlakuan lama perendaman dalam PEG yang efektif adalah 3 jam menghasilkan daya berkecambah sebesar 72,17%, keserempakan tumbuh 53% dan berat kering 7,06 gram. Kombinasi interaksi perlakuan yang paling efektif yaitu konsentrasi 5% selama 3 jam menghasilkan daya berkecambah sebesar 85,33%, keserempakan tumbuh 61,33% dan berat kering 9,63 gram. ENGLISH: Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) is a plant that is used for alternative fuel sources. Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) included in the family Euphorbiaceae is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Jatropha Propagation is done by society using generative (seed). Problems faced related to the use of seed is seed viability during and after storage. Decreased seed viability needs to be improved by using a technique invigorasi Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000. This study aimed to determine the effect of invigorasi using Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000 on the viability of Jatropha seeds (Jatropha curcas L.). This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Ecology Department of Biology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang in January- June 2013. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 (two) factors and 3 replications. The first factor is the concentration of PEG 6000 0%, 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. The second factor is the treatment of soaking time, includes 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours. Data obtained from this study were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and to determine the best treatment to test the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% significance level. Results of the study showed that there is an influence invigorasi using PEG 6000 on the viability of Jatropha seeds (Jatropha curcas L.). Concentration of PEG 6000 treatment on the viability of Jatropha seeds (Jatropaha curcas L.) can enhance germination percentage and seedling dry weight. Effective concentration of PEG 6000 is 5% yield germination of 75.78, 54.44% and simultaneity grow dry weight of 8.27 grams. Long immersion in PEG treatment effective yield is 3 hours germination of 72.17%, simultaneity grew 53% and dry weight of 7.06 grams. Combination treatment interaction is the most effective concentration of 5% for 3 hours produces germination of 85.33%, 61.33% and simultaneity grow dry weight of 9.63 grams

Jatropha Assessment. Agronomy, socio-economic issues, and ecology. Facts from literature.

Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) has been promoted as a potential renewable energy source for many of its advantageous properties in comparison to other biomass feedstock. This report summarises the agronomy, socio-economic issues, and ecology facts from literature on Jatropha. Such an overview is essential to formulate recommendations and policy guidelines to stimulate best project practices and also help to avoid the promotion of unviable or unsustainable practices

Pharmacological evaluation of Jatropha curcas L. extract for Anti-diarrhoeal Activity

The present study provides the pharmacological evaluation of stem bark extract of Jatropha curcas L. for anti-diarrhoeal activity in rats. We made an attempt to study the effect of stem bark extract of Jatropha curcas L. on diarrhoeal disease. The different activities studied were castor oil-induced diarrhoea, magnesium sulphate induced diarrhoea and charcoal meal transit test. The result of the study reflected that methanol extract of the stem bark (100, 300 mg/kg) decreased total no. of faeces, wet faeces and distance travelled by charcoal plug and showed the anti-diarrhoeal activity. Jatropha curcas L. extract demonstrates the anti-diarrhoeal activity in rats

UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAYA HAMBAT GETAH DAUN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans

UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAYA HAMBAT GETAH DAUN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) TERHADAP Streptococcus mutans Franky George Tiwa1), Heriyannis Homenta1), Bernat S. P. Hutagalung1) 1)Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Fakultas Kedokteran ABSTRACT                Dental caries is one of the most prevalent oral health problems in Indonesia. The main bacterial cause of dental caries is Streptococcus mutans. Jarak Pagar  leaves sap (Jatropha curcas L.) used as traditional medicine in Minahasa. Jarak Pagar leaves sap (Jatropha curcas L.) consisted of active compounds that function as an antibacterial. They are saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tanins. The aim of this study to determine the antibacterial effects of Jarak Pagar leaves sap (Jatropha curcas L.) against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. This experimental study used post test only control group design. The Jarak Pagar leaves sap (Jatropha curcas L.) were taken from Manado City. Streptococcus mutans bacteria taken from a pure stock Microbiology Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Sam Ratulangi University Manado. The result showed the average diameter of inhibition zone of Jarak Pagar  leaves sap (Jatropha curcas L.) against Streptococcus mutans bacteria was 19 mm and smaller than the averge diameter of inhibition zone of antibiotic erythromycin. This study concluded that Jarak Pagar leaves sap (Jatropa curcas L) has an antibacterial effect against Streptococcus mutans bacteria.  Key words: Jarak Pagar leaves sap (Jatropha curcas L.), Streptococcus mutans ABSTRAK Karies gigi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling menonjol di Indonesia. Bakteri utama penyebab karies gigi adalah bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) sering digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional di daerah Minahasa. Getah Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) mengandung senyawa aktif yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri yaitu, saponin, flavonoid, alkaloid dan tanin. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri Getah Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik, menggunakan rancangan eksperimental murni (true experimental design) dengan rancangan penelitian post test only control group design. Getah Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) diambil dari Kota Manado. Bakteri Streptococcus mutans diambil dari stok bakteri murni Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa rata-rata diameter zona hambat Getah Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans sebesar 19 mm dan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat antibiotik eritromisin. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Getah Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans.  Kata kunci: Getah Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.), Streptococcus mutans